回复： [艺术] 西方美术大师名家名作欣赏系列1----文艺复兴
乔托（Giotto，约1266/1276~1337）
乔托生于意大利佛罗伦萨的韦斯皮尼亚诺，幼年曾经做过牧羊童，但到十四世纪，他已成为意大利的著名绘画大师，对意大利文艺复兴美术产生了极大的影响，在佛罗伦萨形成了人数众多的乔托画派，并一直延续到15世纪初。他在十四世纪初创作的阿雷纳礼拜堂壁画是最能全面显示乔托艺术成就的作品。（《逃亡埃及》，乔托。1305）
Giotto
(Giotto di Bondone)
Italy, Early Renaissance, b.1267 - d.1337
Florentine painter and architect. Outstanding as a painter, sculptor, and architect, Giotto was recognized as the first genius of art in the Italian Renaissance. Giotto lived and worked at a time when people's minds and talents were first being freed from the shackles of medieval restraint. He dealt largely in the traditional religious subjects, but he gave these subjects an earthly, full-blooded life and force.
The artist's full name was Giotto di Bondone. He was born about 1266 in the village of Vespignano, near Florence. His father was a small landed farmer. Giorgio Vasari, one of Giotto's first biographers, tells how Cimabue, a well-known Florentine painter, discovered Giotto's talents. Cimabue supposedly saw the 12-year-old boy sketching one of his father's sheep on a flat rock and was so impressed with his talent that he persuaded the father to let Giotto become his pupil. Another story is that Giotto, while apprenticed to a wool merchant in Florence, frequented Cimabue's studio so much that he was finally allowed to study painting.
The other major fresco cycle associated with Giotto's name is that on the Life of St Francis in the Upper Church of S. Francesco at Assisi. Whether Giotto painted this is not only the central problem facing scholars of his work, but also one of the most controversial issues in the history of art. The St Francis frescos are clearly the work of an artist of great stature (their intimate and humane portrayals have done much to determine posterity's mental image of the saint), but the stylistic differences between these works and the Arena Chapel frescos seem to many critics so pronounced that they cannot accept a common authorship. Attempts to attribute other frescos at Assisi to Giotto have met with no less controversy.
Among the panels attributed to him, the finest is the Crucifix in Sta Maria Novella, Florence. On account of his great fame as a painter, Giotto was appointed architect to Florence Cathedral in 1334; he began the celebrated campanile, but his design was altered after his death.
In the generation after his death he had an overwhelming influence on Florentine painting; it declined with the growth of International Gothic, but his work was later an inspiration to Masaccio, and even to Michelangelo. These two giants were his true spiritual heirs.
其代表作:
Ognissanti Madonna
有天使和圣徒的圣母子
壁画 325×204厘米
乌菲齐美术馆藏
远程图片：815081-2865175-Ognissanti_Madonna_EUR-embed-embed.jpg
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